r
Very strong, with a trill with the tip of the tongue. All “r” sounds are pronounced. Put in every “r” found in the spelling of a word.
| run | robin | rare | wrist | rude | raven |
| pride | brown | free | thread | drown | green |
| are | far | stare | were | car | cure |
l
Made with tip of tongue on the gum ridge close to the upper front teeth
| love | look | like | laugh | live | loyal |
| glory | hill | glen | fell | tall | bowl |
ŋ = n
The final “ng” is dropped
| somethin’ | goin’ | comin’ | rockin’ | likin’ | nothin’ |
st – ʃ
In some parts of Ireland the “st” words are pronounced with the sound as in “shoe” and “t”
| stones | stool | stove | sticks | strength | strive |
θ = t
| thick | thin | thought | theory | thing |
ð = d
| this | that | these | those | them |
χ
Use the back of the tongue against the soft palate.
| loch | Bach | ach |