t – d  n = dentalized   (make the sound on the back of the upper front teeth)

to, don’t, noon

p – t – k = (unaspirated)

stop, boat, cake

ʃ = s

national

r   (made with a slight trill)

Russian, reason, really, rude, hurry, America

l  = is slightly thick and made with the tongue pulling back the light “l”

lily, bell, Milton

slowly,  only,  golden, fold

well, pill, fall, ball

w = v

Russian has no ‘w’  – the written sound is is always  pronounced with a slight combination of v and w except for foreign words by someone whose English is more secure

worse, wash, well,  winter, walk, William,

awake, aware, queer, quarrel, quit,  squirrel, acquire

v = f         

at ends of words

love, grave, weave, move

ŋɡk

bringing, drinking, thinking, hanging, banging

θ = s or ts 

think, thin, thought, theory, theme

ether, arithmetic, arthritis, something

hearth, birth, myth, forth, dearth

ð = z or dz

this, those, that, there, these, though,  thine, the

teething, breathing, either, neither, other, weather,

loathe, bathe, soothe

s-z 

words that end in a voiced consonant or vowel and are plural or possessive are pronounced ‘s’

weed’s, birds, whose, colds

h = χ  (as in Bach)

home, here, Harry, hair, hire, who, whose, host

ahead, ahoy, behind,

dʒ = tʃ

George, jury, germs, jewels, jerk, joy, journalist

rejoice, adjourn urgent, agent reject, rejoice, region

courage, badge, cage, marriage, siege, bridge, urge